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Question: Which of the following are mentioned as health problems caused by noise? A) Extreme irritation B) Behavioral and anger problems C) Mental problems D) Problems with speech E) A certain degree on hearing loss
Transcript: Noises are defined as disagreeable sounds, but this suggests that they are no more than an annoyance, something to be put up with. There is increasing evidence that noise, on the scale that people who live in big cities have to deal with, is dangerous, and can give rise to serious health and social problems, some of which, such as its effects on people's behavior and anger levels, you might not have thought were caused by noise and are health concerns. There is, of course, the almost constant noise of traffic, though this isn't a particularly modern problem. In ancient Rome, there were rules to minimize the noise made by the iron wheels of wagons, which battered the stones on the pavement, causing disruption of sleep. Traffic noise is one of the health hazards, as it can lead to other problems, like noise-induced hearing impairment. It is also highly distracting, interfering with speech communication and leisure time relaxation, and while this doesn't drive you mad in the medical sense, it is intensely annoying and can lead to mental health problems. Also, noise, whether you work in a place where loud machinery is operating or not, can have an effect on performance at work, though in itself not a health matter, this can lead to other problems.
Answer: B) Behavioral and anger problems, C) Mental problems, E) A certain degree on hearing loss
Explanation: This asks specifically for health problems, so watch for things the speaker calls merely annoying or distracting rather than health issues — irritation and speech interference are both mentioned but not counted as health problems. A) Incorrect — Irritation itself is described as something that 'doesn't drive you mad in the medical sense' — a trigger, not a listed health problem; the health problem it causes is what actually counts here. B) Correct — The speaker names 'effects on people's behavior and anger levels' as things you 'might not have thought were caused by noise' but that 'are health concerns' — this exact problem. C) Correct — Being 'intensely annoying' is tied directly to a result: it 'can lead to mental health problems', the health issue this option names. D) Incorrect — Speech interference is listed as a distraction alongside disrupted relaxation, separate from the health hazards like hearing damage and mental health effects the speaker lists. E) Correct — Traffic noise is named as a health hazard that 'can lead to other problems, like noise-induced hearing impairment' — a direct match for this option.
